Churn



(No Model.)

J. A. IRONS.

. GHU RN.

No. 364,937. Patented June 14, 1887.

TV I TAESSES flttorney hogmphcr. Washillglan. n. c.

UNTTnn STATES JAMES A. IRONS, OF \VATER CURE, PENNSYLVANIA.

CHURN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 364,937, dated June 14, 1887.

(No model To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J urns A. IRONS, of \Vatcr Cu re, in the county of Beaver and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ohnrns; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full,c1ear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form part of this specification.

My invention relates to churns, and has for its object to render the'operation of churning cream easier, more rapid, and surer of uniform results.

\Vith these objects in yiew my invention consists in the improved construction, arrangement, and combination of parts hereinafter fully described, and afterward specifically pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a view in side elevation, showing my improved churn, the barrel or chamber being shown in section to more clearly show the interior arrangements; and Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the invention.

Like letters of reference mark the same parts in both the figures.

Referring to the drawings by letters, A is an ordinary framing, in which are mounted shafts a, b, and 0. Y Upon the shaft a, outside the frame A,is mounted a crank or handle, (I, by which it may be turned; or, if desired, a pulley may be substituted for the crank, by means of which power from any suitable motor may be utilized. Inside the framing, upon the shaft a, is secured a gear, c,which meshes with a pinion, f, on the shaft 1). On the same shaft is a gear, g,which meshes with a pinion, h, on the shaft 0. On the shaft 0, outside the framing and on the opposite side thereof from the crank d, is a double crank, t, which has pivoted on it a connectingrod or pitman, j,which is attached at its lower end to the upper end of abellows, k. The lower end of this bellows is stationary, while the upper end is movable, the upper end having in it an opening closed by an outwardopening valve, Z, while the lower end has a pipe, on, projecting downward from it, whose upper end is furnished (inside the bellows) with an inward-opening valve, a, as shown.

condition of the cream during the operation of churning. Projecting downward through the top 1) are two pipes, r and s, the lower portions of which are perforated, as at t, the pipe 1- opening into the outer air at the top of the churn, while the pipe .9 is connected by branch pipe u with any suitable reservoir containing hot or warm air or steam. On the shaft a is also secured a drum, c, upon which may be wound a rope or cord, 10, having attached at its lower end a weight,

The pipe at terminates inside the chamber 0, above the level of the cream contained therein,

' while the pipes 0' and s projectinto the cream to near the bottom of the chamber, and have no perforations above the level of the cream.

The operation of my invention may be described as follows,viz: The cream being placed in the chamber 0 of the churn and all the parts of the machine being in the position shownin the drawings, power-either hand or otherwise-is applied to the shaft a, turning it and communicating the motion to the other shafts until the shaft 0 and its crank are turned, thus causing the reciprocation vertically of the upper end of the bellows through the medium of the connecting rod from said crank. This causes a partial vacuum to be formed in the bellows, causing the air to be exhausted from the space of the churn above the level of the cream. The effort of nature to destroy the partial vacuum thus formed will cause the air to be drawn in through the perforated pipes r and .9, thus causing it to pass through the cream, aerate and agitate it, and cause butter to form. The pipe radmits cold air,while the pipe 8 admits warm air or steam,when desired, according to the temperature of the milk, and they will be furnished with valves, so as to admit all cold air, part cold and part warm air or steam, or all warm air, as may be desired, according to the temperature of the cream or the apartment in which the churn is situated. Steam may be substituted for the warm air, if desired, as before stated.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. A churn having an air-inlet pipe opening therein below the level of the cream, an airoutlet pipe opening therein above the level of the cream, and an air-exhausting mechanism, whereby the air above the cream is withdrawn, as set forth.

2. A churn having an air-outlet opening therein above the level of the cream, a coldair and a warm-air orsteam-in'let opening, re spectively, below the level of the cream, and an air-exhausting mechanism communicating with the outlet, as described.

3. A churn provided with an air-inlet opening below the level of the cream and an airoutlet opening above the cream, a bellows conmy own, I affix my signaturein presence of two 25 Witnesses.

JAMES A. IRONS. Witnesses:

O. E. DUFFY, O. M. WERLE. 

